What is trichoderma viride
Trichoderma viride is a beneficial microorganism widely distributed in nature and has efficient biodegradation and biological control functions. Research shows that Trichoderma viride produces a series of hydrolases such as cellulase, chitinase, and lignin peroxidase, which can effectively degrade organic matter in the environment.
At the same time, Trichoderma viride is a common biocontrol microorganism in agriculture, which has beneficial functions such as inhibiting pathogenic bacteria, promoting crops growth, and increasing soil fertility.
Trichoderma viride plays an important role in agricultural production due to its application potential in biodegradation and biocontrol.
1. Develop renewable biological resources
Trichoderma viride produces degradative enzymes during the metabolic process, such as cellulase, chitinase, glucanase, xylanase, etc., which are used to degrade organic matter in crop straw and provide a source of carbon and nitrogen for crop growth.
2. Bio-control and Growth Promoting Functions
Biocontrol refers to the use of organisms that are harmless to plants to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, thereby reducing disease occurrence.
Trichoderma viride is a fungus that is widely distributed, grows rapidly, and can produce antagonistic substances and parasitize plant pathogenic bacteria. Trichoderma viride has now been used for biological control of soil-borne plant diseases.
Trichoderma viride is a broad-spectrum antagonistic microorganism that widely colonizes plant roots, stems, and leaves. It has a strong inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria and can significantly improve the disease resistance of plants. Its mechanism of action mainly includes competition, bacteriolysis, excessive parasitism, production of antibiotics, and induced resistance, etc.
Most fungal cell walls are composed primarily of chitin, β-1,3-glucan, and small amounts of protein and fat. Trichoderma viride secretes large amounts of chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase to invade the host hyphae cells and absorb their nutrients.
Researches have found that Trichoderma viride has an obvious antagonistic effect on Fusarium solani. The inhibition rate of Trichoderma viride against tomato rot is 100%. It can be seen under the microscope that Trichoderma viride causes the hyphae to break, shrink, and dissolve through entanglement and parasitism.
A lot of experiments have shown that the metabolites of Trichoderma viride are effective against Fusarium moniliforme, Alternaria dauci, Ciboria spp., Botrytis cinerea, and Aureobasidium. It has obvious antagonistic effects on plant pathogenic bacteria such as Pulluans, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor and Rhizopus.
Moreover, the secondary metabolites of Trichoderma viride contain some extracellular proteases, which can highly inhibit the hatching of root-knot nematode, thereby reducing the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests.
Trichoderma Viride Induces The Immune System of Plants
Induced disease resistance refers to the use of physical, chemical, biological and other methods to pretreat plants to enhance their own disease resistance and change the plants' response to pests and diseases.Trichoderma viride can enhance plant resistance by inducing changes in plant defense enzymes. After wheat was treated with Trichoderma viride, activity peaks of defense enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase appeared.
Trichoderma viride can inhibit the activity of Rhizoctonia polygalacturonase, cause the accumulation of galacturonan, enhance plant-related resistance metabolism, and stimulate plant defense responses.
Trichoderma viride's promotion effect on plant growth
Studies have pointed out that after being treated with Trichoderma viride, the seed germination and plant growth of potatoes, wheat, tobacco, carrots, chrysanthemum, peppers, etc. have been improved to varying degrees, specifically by improving plant seed vitality, germination rate, seeding emergence rate, root vitality, plant height and plant dry mass.
The use of Pseudomonas, Trichoderma viride, and Trichoderma harzianum can not only effectively prevent and control rice sheath blight, but also promote rice biomass accumulation. Many strains of the genus Trichoderma can promote tomatoes growth, among which Trichoderma viride can significantly promote the growth of tomato total biomass and lateral roots.
It can produce plant growth regulators and regulate exogenous plant hormones in two directions; Trichoderma produce compounds that have inhibitory effects on crops, inhibiting or reducing harmful bacterial flora around the plant rhizosphere; Molds increase plant utilization of nutrients and promote plant growth by producing wood organic acids, chelating agents, reductases, and so on.
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