Biostimulants For Maize

The integrated water and fertilizer technology can timely and effectively meet crop water and fertilizer needs by supplying water and nutrients to the crop root zone in the right amount and in a concentrated and efficient manner. It is a key measure to achieve dense planting of corn and precise control of water and fertilizer, and to support the improvement of corn yield.

Corn-producing areas suitable for water source conditions mainly use surface drip irrigation, shallow buried drip irrigation or deep buried infiltration irrigation to accurately irrigate and fertilize. After sowing, drip water is dripped in time to ensure the emergence of all seedlings. The whole process is based on the need for balanced irrigation and fertilization in batches. Nitrogen Potassium is moved back, phosphate fertilizer base is matched, and medium and trace elements are supplemented as needed to achieve precise supply to ensure that fertilizer will not be removed in the later period and to support high-density groups. At the same time, it is equipped with measures such as scientific seed selection, chemical control and lodging prevention, and prevention and control of pests and diseases. To achieve the goals of improving water and fertilizer efficiency and corn production capacity, compared with the local conventional model, the support density is increased by 10%-30%, and the yield and water productivity are increased by more than 10%.

Semi-arid and semi-humid areas with sprinkler and drip irrigation facilities are suitable for shallow buried drip irrigation, under-film drip irrigation, deep buried infiltration irrigation and other technologies.

The first is careful soil preparation. The key points of "leveling, breaking, and evening" must be mastered in land preparation. The soil should be plowed or rotary tilled and then harrowed to ensure that the top of the plow layer is empty and the bottom is solid, and the ground is flat with no obvious clods. The second is to sow seeds at the right time. When the ground temperature at 5 cm of the tillage layer stabilizes and exceeds 10-12°C, it is appropriate to sow the seeds, and the film-mulched plots can be appropriately advanced. The third is scientific sowing. Before sowing, the seeds can be coated or dressed twice, and soaked with phosphorus-zinc liquid fertilizer to increase seed nutrition and promote rooting. Use a machine with navigation function and a precision seeder to sow seeds at a uniform and slow speed, single-grain precision sowing, and a sowing depth of 3-6 cm. When sowing in large and small rows, the spacing between large rows is generally 70-80 cm, and the spacing between small rows is generally 30-40 cm. The fourth is reasonable density increase. Choose drought-tolerant, density-tolerant, disease-resistant, and high-yielding varieties that perform well. Moderately increase seeding density.

It mainly consists of water source, head hub, water transmission and distribution pipe network and drip irrigation belt (pipe). The specifications and models of drip irrigation equipment are selected according to actual production. The water output of drip irrigation emitters is generally between 1.0 liters/hour and 2.5 liters/hour. The first hub includes facilities and equipment such as pressurization, filtration, and intelligent decision-making for irrigation and fertilization. In areas with insufficient accumulated temperature and large evaporation, under-film drip irrigation should be used; in arid areas, shallow buried drip irrigation should be used.

As the base fertilizer, it is recommended to apply 20-25 kg of corn formula fertilizer per acre. When applying fertilizer, the fertilizer should be 5 cm away from the seed side and 7-10 cm deep. It is recommended to use new fertilizers with functions such as water retention and rooting. Drip irrigation under the mulch is used to irrigate the corn 5-8 times during the whole growth period, with an irrigation volume of 10-25m³/mu each time. The irrigation quota is about 100-150m³ per acre. The water volume of a single irrigation of shallow buried drip irrigation is about 3-5m³/mu higher than that of drip irrigation under the mulch. . After the corn is sown, the seedling water is drip-irrigated, and a large amount of elemental water-soluble fertilizer (high phosphorus, medium nitrogen, low potassium type) or 3-5 kg/acre of monoammonium phosphate is applied with the water dripping, which is beneficial to the rapid and uniform emergence of seedlings. From jointing to tasseling, apply high-nitrogen and large-element water-soluble fertilizer 5-8 kg/acre in two drops with water. During the tasseling period, apply balanced macroelement fertilizer 5-8 kg/acre. From the grain-filling stage to the milking stage, topdress 75-105 kg/ha of high-nitrogen and macro-element water-soluble fertilizer. During the entire growth period, apply nitrogen (N) 195-300 kg/ha, phosphorus (P₂O₅) 90-150 kg/ha, and potassium (K₂O) 60-150 kg/ha.

Under high-density planting conditions, the corn population is large and the risk of lodging is high. Spray corn growth control agent at the 6-8 leaf stage to control the ear height, thicken the base stem nodes, and improve the resistance of corn to lodging. After sowing, spray herbicides promptly before and after emergence to control weeds. During the booting stage, keep an eye on corn borer, stem rot and leaf spot diseases in the middle and late stages.

Based on the actual conditions such as climate characteristics and cultivation and management level in the irrigation area, select high-yield, high-quality, multi-resistant varieties with good density tolerance, low ear position, and strong lodging resistance that are suitable for the local area. Seeds are coated before sowing. The coating agent can be formulated with pesticides, fungicides, compound fertilizers, trace elements, plant growth regulators, etc. containing binders to improve the stress resistance of corn. The sowing depth is generally 4-6 cm. If the soil moisture is insufficient, the seeds can be sown deeply and covered with soil after sowing to reduce soil water evaporation. When sowing in large and small rows, the spacing between large rows is generally 70-80 cm, and the spacing between small rows is generally 30-40 cm. Reasonably increase seeding density.

It is recommended to use seeding machinery to complete fertilization, sowing, pipe laying, film laying, film pressing, soil covering and other operations at one time. The distance between drip irrigation belts is 90-120 cm. One drip irrigation belt controls the irrigation of two rows of corn. The drip irrigation pipes are arranged when sowing large and small rows. In the middle of a narrow row. After sowing, seal and weed before emergence to reduce the occurrence of weeds. For drip irrigation under the film, it is recommended to use biodegradable mulch film with a width of 70 cm and a thickness of 0.01 mm to cover the ground (the specific model varies depending on the planting mode). The mulch film should be pressed tightly and covered with soil every 2 meters to prevent moisture loss and strong wind. Break the mulch.

Corn is generally irrigated 8-12 times during the entire growth period, and the irrigation quota is about 2175-4800m³ per ha. Immediately after sowing, the seedlings are irrigated once with dripping water, and the irrigation amount is 15-30m³/acre. In areas where conditions permit, 2-3 tons/acre of decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied when plowing the land in autumn. It is recommended to use 20-30 kg/acre of corn formula fertilizer as the base fertilizer. It is recommended to use new fertilizers with functions such as water retention and rooting; strengthen the supply of water and fertilizer in the middle and late stages of corn. , topdress once in the jointing stage, topdress once in the jointing-large trumpet stage, topdress 2-3 times in the big trumpet-silking stage with high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer, and topdress 2-3 times with medium nitrogen in the mid-spinning-filling stage. Potassium-type water-soluble fertilizer, topdress 6-8 times throughout the growth period, with a total topdressing of 195-300 kg/ha of nitrogen (N), 90-150 kg/ha of phosphorus (P₂O5), and 60-150 kg/ha of potassium (K₂O). Water-soluble fertilizers are used for top dressing, and the amount of fertilizer applied can also be adjusted appropriately according to soil fertility, target yield, etc.

Biostimulants with Zinc Elements

 

Fish based Amino biostimulants

Promote nutrients uptaken and plant healthy

Zinc elements

Corn needs zinc for higher yield

The microclimate of corn fields under drip irrigation under film is relatively dry, so comprehensive prevention and control of spider mites should be strengthened, and special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of corn borers, armyworms, and meadow borers. Spray the growth control agent at the early stage of corn jointing to control the ear height, thicken the base stem nodes, and improve the lodging resistance of corn.

The first is the "combination of sealing and targeting" for weed control, which uses a combination of post-sowing and pre-emergence sealing and post-emergence stem and leaf directional spraying to control weeds. Priority is given to post-sowing and pre-emergence closed weeding to reduce post-emergence weeding pressure. The second is to control prosperity and prevent lodging. Control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the early stage of corn to avoid excessive plant growth; scientifically spray growth control agents at the 6-8 leaf stage to shorten the internodes and enhance lodging resistance. The third is to harvest late at the right time, and harvest mechanically after the grain milk line has basically disappeared and the black layer at the base appears.

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